Let us discuss the patent for the Submarine, which is now in the public domain, not that any foreign governments ever cared since they have been building them for years. Since my Grandfather built the first Ring Gyro at Stanford Research years back, I think it wise to discuss these things in a modern context. The device he built is now called a Laser Ring Gyro Inertia Guidance system which is not nearly the size of the original the first one ever built by my Grandfather was six feet in diameter and six feet high and was used in a submarine after it was perfected. Today you can make one in a small box with a computer chip about 3 inches by three inches. Proving Moores Law in more ways than one. So if you were going to build a submarine right now how would you build it? What would power it? What would be its limitations on performance? Could it also fly? Go on land? Who would you pay to build it? How fast could it go? Well we could use a Hydrogen fuel Cell, actually that has already been done and by the way it works fine. No more, Red Octobers, here is some history leading up to this discussion you may find rather interesting.

www.milparade.ru/security/117.html

Some of this is significant to me because my Uncle was in charge of a Nuclear Submarine in days gone by. Yes, I know interesting family right? There are so many interesting designs for submarines and under water exploratory vehicles and they run on all kinds of different ideas;

www.liquefaction.com/subs/

www.fuelcelltoday.com/FuelCellToday/IndustryInformation/IndustryInformationExternal/IndustryInformationDisplayArticle/0,1168,471,00.html

You see those darn Germans are always building something cool, but then again so are we;

http://web.mit.edu/ctpid/www/Whitney/USA/navsea.pdf

www.solidworks.com/html/Company/article.cfm?Id=334

and if any one out there thinks we do not have underwater superiority like we do air superiority

www.geocities.com/Heartland/2778/weapons.txt

then they have been smoking too much Iraqi grass. In a comparison of possible propulsion units one might ask why not use this technology of Hydrogen cells anywhere that air is not needed. Bingo.

http://itri.loyola.edu/subsea/c3_s2.htm

this is exactly my thoughts on this matter. You know this really no revelation because we have known about this technology for years;

www.iahe.org/Establishment_of_IAHE.htm

www.minihydrogen.com/

www.newlondoncountyguide.com/submarines1.htm

I mean submarines have been around since before the civil war and Hydrogen Cell technology around the turn of the 1900s thats right? So let us compare types of propulsion that can be used in submarines? How about like a bicycle, people power? Sure it has been done before.

http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/indexes/subbibl.html

and since then we have come with many different types of propulsion all with different characteristics for anti-detection, efficiency, speed and power against currents.

www.newlondoncountyguide.com/submarines1.htm

www.aticourses.com/advanced_undersea_warfare.htm

www.naval-technology.com/projects/tupi/

www.fas.org/nuke/space/c01intro.htm .

Did you know that even Pakistan has submarines and it has nuclear weapons? Scary thought right?

http://www.pakdef.info/pdnn/news/archives/news94.html

And Taiwan too

http://www.taiwandc.org/twcom/tc63-int.pdf

This is why we need satellites and fast moving unmanned subs to intercept if necessary. But it is difficult that is why drug runners use submarine remote control units to import drugs so no one can detect them; they have the budget obviously;

www.postpolitics.com/blogs/archives/000202.html

www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/scn-sub.htm

and we are now finding ways to prevent that from happening too.

www.fas.org/irp/congress/1989_cr/h891121-drugs.htm

www.pittsburghlive.com/x/tribune-review/columnists/steigerwald/s_80587.html

There are so many uses for submarines from underwater mining, sea life expeditions, sunken treasure seekers, military safety, under water base building, etc.

www.cnn.com/TECH/9707/30/ancient.shipwrecks/

www.peterbrueggeman.com/delta/

www.auditory.org/asamtgs/asa92nwo/3aAO/3aAO11.html

How a submarine works is very simple actually. This may account for its many variants;

www.howstuffworks.com/submarine4.htm

Submarines are of huge benefits to mankind